Before arriving at an effective treatment plan, it is necessary to diagnose the symptoms correctly to conclude that the individual has Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). No single test can confirm or rule out the disorder in an individual. A proper assessment of the behavior, medical history, neurological and mental health of the individual has to be done and an expert opinion sought.
Diagnosis
Parents may notice hyperactive, inattentive behavior in a toddler but as children mature at different rates and differ in personality and energy levels, it is necessary for an expert opinion to check if the behavior is appropriate for the child at that age.
By observing the child at play and in school, a proper evaluation based on the diagnostic criteria listed in the DSM-IV-TR needs to be done.
Treatment plan
A treatment plan should be tailored for each individual, based on the assessment done. A combined treatment that includes medication, behavioral therapy, emotional counseling and also a positive encouraging environment at home and in school, will help the child integrate with the mainstream and realize their full potential. Also joining support groups will help family cope with the needs and erratic behavior of the child.
Medication- a class of drugs called stimulants helps improve attention and control the symptoms. Every individual responds differently to a specific drug, so a physician is best suited to decide on the drug to be administered and the dosage required. To treat secondary disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, that is associated with ADD, drugs are to be taken to treat those conditions too.
80% of preschoolers that take medication need to continue with it during their teenage years also and over 50% have to continue with it into adulthood.
It is important that regular re-evaluation is done and treatment plans modified to handle the changed symptoms, if any.
Treatment in adults will also have to consider various variables like blood pressure and other disorders. Drugs are prescribed keeping all these factors in consideration. Also, education will help an affected adult learn more about the disorder; and psychotherapy will help the individual in learning to do day-to-day tasks. Small minor accomplishments achieved, help the adult have a positive approach towards the disorder and help in leading a socially acceptable organized life.
